Which type of measures focus on reducing overall risk from specific threats?

Mitigation measures are focused on reducing overall risk from specific threats by implementing actions that lessen the impact or likelihood of these threats. The aim of mitigation is to identify potential hazards and take steps to eliminate or reduce their effects. For instance, building levees to prevent flooding or implementing stricter building codes in earthquake-prone areas are examples of mitigation efforts. These proactive strategies help to create a safer environment and lower vulnerability before an emergency occurs.

Prevention, while also important, primarily addresses the actions taken to avoid incidents from occurring in the first place, rather than reducing their impact once they have occurred. Response refers to the immediate actions taken to deal with an emergency once it has happened, and readiness encompasses the preparedness activities that ensure an effective response. However, these do not specifically target the reduction of risk from threats as mitigation does.